Wednesday, May 12, 2010

MATLAB BASICS(input & output)



Input and Output
You input commands to MATLAB in the MATLAB Command Window. MAT-
LAB returns output in two ways: Typically, text or numerical output is re-
turned in the same Command Window, but graphical output appears in a
separate graphics window. A sample screen, with both a MATLAB Desktop
and a graphics window, labeled Figure No. 1, is shown in Figure 2–1.
Togeneratethisscreenonyourcomputer,firsttype1/2 + 1/3.Thentype
ezplot(’xˆ3 - x’). While MATLAB is working, it may display a “wait” symbol — for example,
an hourglass appears on many operating systems. Or it may give no visual
evidence until it is finished with its calculation.
Arithmetic
As we have just seen, you can use MATLAB to do arithmetic as you would a
calculator.You can use “+” to add, “-” to subtract , “*” to multiply, “/” to divide,and “ˆ” to exponentiate.
For example,
>> 3ˆ2 - (5 + 4)/2 + 6*3
ans =
22.5000
MATLAB prints the answer and assigns the value to a variable called ans.
If you want to perform further calculations with the answer, you can use the
variable ans rather than retype the answer. For example, you can compute
the sum of the square and the square root of the previous answer as follows:

>> ansˆ2 + sqrt(ans)
ans =
510.9934

Observe that MATLAB assigns a new value to ans witheachcalculation.
Todomorecomplexcalculations,youcanassigncomputedvaluestovariables
of your choosing.
For example,

>> u = cos(10)
u=
-0.8391

>> v = sin(10)
v=
-0.5440
>> uˆ2 + vˆ2
ans =
1

MATLAB uses double-precision floating point arithmetic,which is accurate
to approximately 15 digits;however,MATLAB displays only 5 digits by default.
To display more digits, type format long. Then all subsequent numerical
output will have 15 digits displayed. Type format short to return to 5-digit
display.
MATLAB differs from a calculator in that it can do exact arithmetic. For
example,it can add the fractions 1/2 and 1/3 symbolically to obtain the correct
fraction 5/6.
We discuss how to do this in the section Symbolic Expressions,
Variable Precision, and Exact Arithmetic Post

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MATLAB Getting Started

Typing in the Command Window
Click in the Command Window to make it active. When a window becomes
active, its titlebar darkens. It is also likely that your cursor will change from outline form to solid, or from light to dark, or it may simply appear. Now you can begin entering commands. Try typing 1+1; then press ENTER or RETURN.Next try factor(123456789),a
nd finally sin(10).Your MATLAB Desktop should look like Figure 1-2.
Interrupting Calculations
If MATLAB is hung up in a calculation, or is just taking too long to perform
anoperation,youcanusuallyabortitbytypingCTRL+C (thatis,holddownthe
key labeled CTRL,or CONTROL, and press C).

MATLAB Windows
We have already described the MATLAB Command Window and the Help
Browser, and have mentioned in passing the Command History window, Cur-
rentDirectorybrowser,Workspacebrowser,andLaunchPad.These,andseve-
ral other windows you will encounter as you work with MATLAB, will allow
youto:controlfilesandfoldersthatyouandMATLABwillneedtoaccess;write
andeditthesmallMATLABprograms(thatis,M-files)thatyouwillutilizeto
run MATLAB most effectively; keep track of the variables and functions that
you define as you use MATLAB; and design graphical models to solve prob-
lems and simulate processes. Some of these windows launch separately, and
some are embedded in the Desktop. You can dock some of those that launch
separately inside the Desktop (through the View:Dock menu button), or you
can separate windows inside your MATLAB Desktop out to your computer
desktop by clicking on the curved arrow in the upper right.
These features are described more thoroughly in Chapter 3. For now, we
want to call your attention to the other main type of window you will en-
counter; namely graphics windows. Many of the commands you issue will
generate graphics or pictures. These will appear in a separate window. MAT-
LAB documentation refers to these as figure windows. In this book, we shall
also call them graphics windows. In Chapter 5, we will teach you how to gen-
erate and manipulate MATLAB graphics windows most effectively.

Ending a Session
ThesimplestwaytoconcludeaMATLABsessionistotypequitattheprompt.
Youcanalsoclickonthespecialsymbolthatclosesyourwindows(usuallyan×
intheupperleft-orright-handcorner).Eitherofthesemayormaynotcloseall
the other MATLAB windows (which we talked about in the last section) that
are open. You may have to close them separately. Indeed, it is our experience
that leaving MATLAB-generated windows around after closing the MATLAB
Desktopmaybehazardoustoyouroperatingsystem.Stillanotherwaytoexit
istousetheExit MATLABoptionfromtheFilemenuoftheDesktop.Before
youexitMATLAB,youshouldbesuretosaveanyvariables,printanygraphics
orotherfilesyouneed,andingeneralcleanupafteryourself

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What is Matlab

MTLAB is a numerical computing environment and programming language(initially written in C). MATLAB allows easy matrix manipulation,plotting of functions and data implementation of alogrithm,creation of user interface and interfacing with programmes in other languages

MATLAB is a software package that lets you do mathematics and compu-
tation, analyse data, develop algorithms, do simulation and modelling,
and produce graphical displays and graphical user interfaces.
MATLAB is a high-performance language for technical computing. It
integrates computation, visualization, and programming in an easy-to-use
environment where problems and solutions are expressed in familiar
mathematical notation. Typical uses include
•Math and computation
•Algorithm development
•Data acquisition
•Modeling, simulation, and prototyping
•Data analysis, exploration, and visualization
•Scientific and engineering graphics
•Application development, including graphical user interface building
MATLAB is an interactive system whose basic data element is an array that
does not require dimensioning. This allows you to solve many technical
computing problems, especially those with matrix and vector formulations, in
a fraction of the time it would take to write a program in a scalar noninteractive
language such as C or Fortran.
The name MATLAB stands for matrix laboratory. MATLAB was originally
written to provide easy access to matrix software developed by the LINPACK
and EISPACK projects. Today, MATLAB engines incorporate the LAPACK
and BLAS libraries, embedding the state of the art in software for matrix
computation.
MATLAB has evolved over a period of years with input from many users. In
university environments, it is the standard instructional tool for introductory
and advanced courses in mathematics, engineering, and science. In industry,
MATLAB is the tool of choice for high-productivity research, development, and
analysis.

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Saturday, May 8, 2010

Download Revit Architecture


Revit Architecture setup with serial key


Autodesk Revit is Building Information Modeling software for Microsoft Windows, currently developed by Autocad, which allows the user to design with both parametric 3D modeling and 2D drafting elements. Building Information Modeling is a CAD paradigm that employs intelligent 3D objects to represent real physical building components such as walls and doors. In Revit, views of the building model are cameras, either orthographic or perspective: a component such as a door can be moved in any view, and all other views of the model will update automatically. As each 'view' is a camera of the actual 3D model, a change anywhere is a change everywhere. This is made possible by Revit's underlying relational database architecture which its creators call the parametric change engine.

In addition, Revit's database for a project can contain information about a project at various stages in the building's lifecycle, from concept to construction to decommissioning. This is sometimes called 4D CAD where time is the fourth dimension.

Autodesk® Revit® Architecture software helps you explore early design concepts and forms, and more accurately maintain your vision through design, documentation, and construction. Make a change, and it's automatically updated across the project. Use the essential building information modeling (BIM) data that Autodesk Revit Architecture software provides to support sustainable design, clash detection, construction planning, and fabrication
Autodesk Revit Architecture software supports complete round-tripping of markups with Autodesk® Design Review software. Because Autodesk Design Review software’s markup capabilities combine with Autodesk Revit Architecture navigation and revision management capabilities, tracking changes is easy. There’s no need to re-enter information. Autodesk Revit Architecture supports publishing a model to 2D or 3D DWF™ format. This capability provides high-impact, dynamic communication of design information in a lightweight format. It’s great for including nontechnical participants in the project review process.

Download Revit Architecture


Download Revit Architecture 2009 part 1
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Thursday, May 6, 2010

Performing Common Tasks in Revit Architecture

In this exercise, you learn to perform some of the common Revit Architecture tasks that are included in the tutorials. After you are familiar with these tasks, it will be easier to work in Revit Architecture and focus on the lessons of each tutorial.

Use zoom commands to adjust the view in Revit Architecture
In the tutorials, you are instructed to use a zoom command to adjust the viewable area in the window. For example, you may be asked to zoom to a specific region of a view or to zoom to fit the entire building or floor plan in the view. Understanding how to adjust the view will make it easier to work with the building model in the window.
There are several ways to access zoom options. In the following steps, you open a training file and practice adjusting the view with the different zoom commands.

  1. Click File menu ? Open.
  2. In the left pane of the Open dialog, click Training Files, and open Imperial\i_Cohouse.rvt.
The 3D isometric view displays:

3 Click View menu ? Zoom to display the zoom menu.
The zoom menu lists the zoom options and their shortcut keys.


4 Click Zoom Out (2x).
In the drawing area, the view zooms out from the building model.

5 On the View toolbar, click the drop-down menu next to the Zoom command to display the
zoom options.



6 Click Zoom To Fit.

The view of the building model is sized to fit the available window.

7 Click in the drawing area, and type the shortcut ZR to zoom in on a region.
The cursor becomes a magnifying glass.

8 Click the upper left corner and lower right corner of the region to magnify; this is referred to
as a crossing selection.

When you release the mouse button, the view zooms in on the selected area.
9 If you use a mouse that has a wheel as the middle button, you can roll the wheel to zoom the view. Use the wheel mouse to zoom out to see the entire building again.
If you do not have a wheel mouse, use a zoom menu command or the toolbar option to zoom
out.

NOTE As you zoom in and out, Revit Architecture uses the largest snap increment that represents less than 2mm in the drawing area. To modify or add snap increments, click Settings menu then Snaps

Zoom is also available using SteeringWheels. SteeringWheels provide 2D and 3D navigation
tools.

Using Steering Wheel in Revit Architecture
  • To display SteeringWheels, on the View toolbar, click .
  • The Full Navigation wheel displays in the drawing area.
  • As you move the mouse, the wheel follows the cursor around the drawing area.
  • Move the cursor over the Zoom wedge of the wheel so that it highlights.
  • Click and hold the mouse button.
  • The cursor displays a pivot point for the Zoom tool.



  • Drag the cursor down or left to zoom out.
  • Drag the cursor up or right to zoom in.
You can change the pivot point by releasing the mouse button, moving the wheel to the desired
location, and then using the Zoom tool again.
For more information about SteeringWheels, click the pull-down menu on the Full Navigation
wheel, and click Help. To define settings for SteeringWheels, click Settings menu ? Options,
and click the SteeringWheels tab.
  • To exit the wheel, press ESC.
Resize elements using drag controls in Revit Architecture
  • In the Project Browser, expand Views (all), expand Floor Plans, and double-click 2nd Flr. Cnst.
When drawing or modifying a building model, it is important to understand how to adjust the
size of components in the drawing area. Small blue dots, called drag controls, display at the
ends of selected lines and walls in a plan view. Similar controls, referred to as shape handles,
display along the ends, bottoms, and tops of selected walls in elevation views and 3D views.
  • Type ZR, zoom in on the upper-left corner of the floor plan, and select the wall, as shown.
Notice the small blue dots that display at both ends of the wall. These are the drag controls.
  • Click and drag the left control, moving the cursor to the left horizontally, to lengthen the wall.
  • Click in the drawing area to deselect the wall.

Move an element
  • Scroll the view down so you can see the couch and table in the floor plan.
  • Select the Craftsman02 table, and on the Tools toolbar, click (Move).
Some commands, such as Move and Copy, require 2 clicks to complete the command. After
selecting the element to move, for example, click to specify the starting position, and click again
to specify the ending position. In this case, you want to move the table closer to the wall.
  • Click the lower-left endpoint of the table.
  • Click next to the lower wall, as shown.
    The table moves down, and the lower-left corner is placed at the move endpoint.
  • Select the plant, and drag it on top of the table.
Undo commands
  • On the Standard toolbar, click the drop-down menu next to (Undo).
All changes you make to a project are tracked. The Undo command allows you to reverse the
effects of one or more commands. In this example, you decide that you prefer the table in its
original position.
  • the Undo menu, select the second item in the list, Move.
Selecting the second item in the list will undo the last 2 actions. All commands are canceled up
to and including the selected command. The table and plant are returned to their original
locations.

NOTE
To quickly undo the previous action, on the Standard toolbar, click the Undo command, or
press CTRL+Z.

End a command

  • On the Basics tab of the Design Bar, click Lines.
Some commands, such as the Lines command, stay active or current until you choose another
command or end the current command.
  • Click in the drawing area to start the line, and click again to end it.
Notice that the Lines command is still active and you could continue to draw lines.
  • To end the command, use one of the following methods:
    • Choose another command.
    • On the Design Bar, click Modify.
    • Press ESC twice.
  • the file without saving your changes.

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